Gut Bacteria Affect Inflammation
Inflammation occurs when your body activates your immune system to fight infection.
It can also be caused by an inSANE diet. For example, a diet containing too much processed fat and process carbs (aka inSANE food), can lead to elevated inflammatory chemicals in the bloodstream and fat tissue, which may contribute to weight gain.
Your gut bacteria play an important role in inflammation. Some species produce chemicals like lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which cause inflammation when they pass into the blood.
When mice are given LPS, they gain as much weight and have similar increases in blood sugar and insulin as mice fed a high-processed-fat diet.
Therefore, certain gut bacteria that produce LPS and cause inflammation may contribute to weight gain and insulin resistance.
However, some species of intestinal bacteria may reduce inflammation and prevent weight gain.
Bifidobacteria and Akkermansia are beneficial species of bacteria that help maintain a healthy gut barrier and prevent inflammatory chemicals from passing from the gut into the bloodstream.
Studies in mice have found that Akkermansia can reduce weight gain and insulin resistance by reducing inflammation.
Similarly, when mice were fed prebiotic fibers (like those in your SANE Snacks and Bars) to help increase Bifidobacteria in the gut, weight gain and insulin resistance decreased despite no reduction in calorie intake (yea lower Setpoint Weight!).
SUMMARY: Certain types of gut bacteria are essential for maintaining a healthy gut barrier and preventing inflammation, which can contribute to an elevated Setpoint Weight and therefore chronic weight gain.
Gut Bacteria Produce Chemicals That Help You Feel Hungry or Full
Your body produces a number of different hormones that affect your appetite, including leptin, ghrelin, peptide YY (PYY).
Some studies have shown that different bacteria in the gut can affect how much of these hormones are produced and whether you feel hungry or full.
Short-chain fatty acids are chemicals that are produced when certain species of gut bacteria break down fiber. One of these is known as propionate.
One study in 60 overweight adults found that taking propionate for 24 weeks significantly increased levels of the hormones PYY and GLP-1, both of which influence hunger.
People who took propionate also had reduced food intake and reduced weight gain.
Other studies have shown that prebiotics supplements, which contain compounds that are fermented by gut bacteria, can have a similar effect on appetite.
People who ate 16 grams of prebiotics per day for two weeks had higher levels of hydrogen in their breath. This indicates gut bacterial fermentation, less hunger and higher levels of the hormones GLP-1 and PYY, which make you feel full.
TIP: You can find about this much prebiotic fiber in a single SANE Vanilla Almond Meal Bar.
SUMMARY: Your gut bacteria can produce chemicals that can help make you feel full. By affecting your appetite, your gut bacteria may play a role in your weight. To help here, eat more prebiotic fiber (like those in your SANE Snacks and Bars).